http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/233 2026-04-07T21:44:30Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/716 He Role of Donor A.Gencies in The Formulation of Industrial Policy in Bangladesh Islam, Khandaker Md. Shariful Policy making in developing countries are conditioned by many actors and factors existed in the national as well as in the international environment. As a key actor donor Agencies ‘role in the development process in general and in the policy formulation in particular has been debated for a long. Whether donors can influence the public policy making process of Bangladesh as a recipient country has been a matter of debate and great concern on part of the academicians, researchers, pressmen and policy makers. There exist different and sometimes conflicting views over the issue of whether donors can really interfere in the policy making of Bangladesh and compel the policy makers to mound the policy in their preferred direction. Controversies continue to exist over to what 0xtent the donors should interfere in the domestic policymaking! process of developing countries. The present study attempts to examine the extent of donors influence in the policy process of Bangladesh by focusing on industrial policy in details. The main objective of the study is to make a critical assessment of the existing practice of public policy making in Bangladesh assuming the donors' role as the key actor. It modestly attempts to focus on how the donor agenciesintervene in the industrial policy formation of Bangladesh.---------------------------------------------- This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Public Administration, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for the Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 1995-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/539 Women Empowerment in the Local Government System in Bangladesh: A Study of Elected Women Members of Some Selected Union Parishads Aktar, Shajeda "The things, which are good for the world, Half of them have been done by women and half by men." Kazi Nazrul Islam. The National Poet of Bangladesh. Nazrul might have been impelled by conscience while observing injustice towards women.2 And we see, "too often women and men live in different in access to education and work opportunities, and in health, personal security and leisure time".3 Due to low status of women approximately half of Bangladesh population is left behind in darkness. In fact there is positive relationship between disempowerment of women and backwardness of any society. Clearly, there can be no sustainable human development, nor any successful population Programmed without the full and equal participation of women. The ICPD Cairo 1994 acknowledged that the empowerment of women is a cornerstone of population and development policies4. The Fourth World Conference on Women 1995, Beijing, declared a Platform for Action that describes itself as an agenda for women's empowennent"5. In Bangladesh, like many other developing countries, women access to positions of influence and power is limited; their occupational choices are narrower and their earnings lower than those of men; and they must struggle to reconcile activities outside the home with their traditional roles6 While many .men, particularly among the poor, also find themselves disenfranchised, it is a far more common experience among women 7. This experience is rooted in the failure of our society to value women for anything but their reproductive role. illiteracy, low life expectancy, low rate of labour force participation, no ownership of land, higher rate of unemployment, high fertility, mortality and morbidity, form a vicious circle adversely affecting women in Bangladesh. Although Bangladesh "had been a pioneer in women emancipation and education, women are politically exploited, socially oppressed, legally ignored and technologically deprived"8. The need for empowerment of women in Bangladesh arises from this harsh social scenario. Participation of women in local level institutions has been considered as the most effective instrument to remove the inequality, instability and powerlessness of women 9. Women need preparation, need training both mentally and physically: such preparation can only be happen if the supportive environment is provided to women, at all stages, by all section of society, the home, school, religion, government and society10 Considering Union Parishad as institution of such supportive environment, in this study an attempt has been made to evaluate how the one-third reservation of seats in local bodies provides a supportive environment to the process of women empowerment in Bangladesh. This thesis is Submitted to the Department of Public Administration, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/538 The Role of NGOs in Increasing Awareness among Vulnerable Women in Bangladesh: A Study on Two Selected NGOs in Rajshahi District Sultana, Nahid Women can play an equal and vital role in all sorts of development activities of a country .Approximately half of the total population of Bangladesh is woman. From a long time being, religious fanaticism and superstitions are considered to be the main barrier of women’s development. Like one cannot ignore the contributions of women in the question of expansion of society and civilization, similarly sustainable and fruitful development cannot be acquired without the participation of women. Despite of the equality of man-women ratio in Bangladesh, the importance and potentialities of women have been disregarded in socio - economic developments till today. Women are suffering in every respect in this country. From a long time, this trampled situation makes women apathetic and unconscious about her country, society and herself Right from their birth, women are neglected in food sharing, education, work, independent thinking, and right to property, choice and matters of decision making. Patriarchy still controls all institutions of the society, the parliament, military establishments, judiciary, education and benevolent organizations etc. Women have inadequate access to the law, due to illiteracy, lack of legal literacy, information and resources, insensitivity and gender bias. They are also lack awareness of women's human rights in general. But now everybody realize that without the contribution and participation of women the proper development and prosperity of the country cannot be possible. So, to improve the backward and in awareness situation, Government of Bangladesh takes various initiatives. But it 1s very difficult for the government alone to aware the backward women in a short period of time. So the government helps and supports various non government organizations (NGOs) to works for these vulnerable women. NGOs are working with the government to establish the rights and overall development of women. NGOs enable their clients and beneficiaries to graduate into higher standards of living. In addition to their poverty alleviation programs, they set many motivational programs for the women at grassroots level. These programs have made women aware of their rights and the women have their platform to raise their voices……………….. This thesis is Submitted to the Department of Public Administration, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 2005-01-01T00:00:00Z