http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/152 2026-04-07T21:43:54Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/1149 Position of constitution and fundamental rights during the martial law regime, 1958-1962: a case study Patwari, A. B. M. Mafizul Islam In this thesis an attempt has been made, mainly, to examine and assess the position of the Constitution of 1956 and the fundamental rights incorporated in that Constitution in view of the Presidential Proclamation of the 7th October, 1958, and the Presidential Laws (Continuance in Force) Order, issued on the 10th October, 1958. questions relating to their status and position were raised in contentious cases before the Supreme Court and High Courts of Pakistan involving them in a legal dilemma. The relevant cases have, therefore, been discussed and analysed. Though the work is concerned, mainly, with the period between the 7th October, 1958, and the 8th June, 1962, during which period Martial Law prevailed in the country, it was necessary that constitutional and socio-economic and political conditions of Pakistan before the Proclamation of the 7th October, 1958, should be discussed. This was necessary not only as description of the background over the topic and period, but also because prior to this, Pakistan had another constitutional crisis in October, 1954, when Ghulam Mohammad, the then Governor-General of Pakistan, dissolved the first Constituent Assembly. On that occasion also the superior courts of Pakistan had to tackle the situation, amounting virtually to a constitutional vacuum. In order to provide a link between the Martial Law period and the period preceding it the important constitutional cases and political and constitutional developments have been discussed in some length. The main object of this thesis is introduced in Chapter I, followed by Chapter II which contains a brief survey of attempts for promulgating a constitution and fundamental rights preceding the Proclamation of Martial Law. In Chapter III, the working of the Constitution of 1956 since its inauguration, its position in the light of the Presidential Proclamation and the Presidential Laws (Continuance in Force) Order, the legitimacy of the regime as pronounced by the Supreme Court of Pakistan and justifia- bility of Martial Law in Pakistan in accordance with the traditions maintained in the Commonwealth are discussed and analysed. Chapter IV has dealt with the organisation and jurisdiction of the Military Courts as established by the Martial Law Authority, and the attempt of the regime to turn itself into a constitutional Government through the system of the Basic Democracies and the Constitution of 1962. In Chapter V, the position of the fundamental rights contained in the Constitution of 1956 and the writ jurisdiction of the superior courts contained in the Constitution and recognised by the Laws (Continuance in Force) Order, 1958, is focussed in some length. In this Chapter we can see the liberal attitude of the courts which tried to avoid confrontation with the Martial Law Authority but at the same time attempted to enforce fundamental rights on the plea of basic rights recognised by every civilised legal system, and the principle of natural justice. Chapter VI has drawn a reflection on the position of the Constitution of 1956 which was restored in structure and outline only, the role of judiciary which by legitimising the regime became a part of the Government, and the fundamental rights which were enforced in indirect way; and has made an attempt to analyse the real nature of the Martial Law regime. This Thesis is Submitted to the Institute of Bangladesh Studies (IBS) , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 1980-06-01T00:00:00Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/1141 The Rural Political Elite in Bangladesh: A Study of Leadership Pattern in Six Union Parishads of Rangpur District Wahhab, Muhammad Abdul The thesis deals with the patterns of leadership in six Union Parishads of Rangpur district of Bangladesh. data of the research were collected by examining certain characteristics of the chairmen and members of Union Parishads of two successive elections. The study reveals that the chairmen and members of Union Parishads are, by and large, rich and influential persons in the villages who organise election propaganda and mobilize the people using mostly traditional group sen- timent to win the election. It has also been found that being the local leaders, the chairmen and members of Union Parishads are more interested in local issues than national ones. This does not mean that they are indifferent to national issues. Majority of them are members of the na- tional political parties. But their membership is greatly influenced by the party in power, since they are closely linked with it. This Thesis is Submitted to the Institute of Bangladesh Studies (IBS) , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 1980-10-01T00:00:00Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/1133 T. S. Eliot and Shamsur Rahman: An Exposition of Commonness Adhikari, Prodip Kumar The present study has been conducted to expose the commonness between T. S. Eliot and Shamsur Rahman, two leading modernist poets in their respective language and literature. The objectives of the exposition have been grounded on the areas and nature of commonness; in exploring into the originality of their work; in identifying the level of influence of the former on the later one here; and finally in showing the contribution and potentiality of their work in our life and literature of the present day. In the study only the poetical works of these poets have been used to find out the commonness in their poetry. While conducting the study the present researcher has found some major affinities in the choice of subject matter; use of contemporary social perspectives; in presenting the verse style or the way of versification etc. Some minor affinities have also been found in the case of their personal life likely their education, profession. All these have been presented through six chapters including a concluding one. The first chapter is the Introduction chapter. Here they’re including a short overview on the modernist trend in literature. Here present researcher has described in short, the literature reviewed, and methodology of the research work too. The second chapter entitled “Life and works of T. S. Eliot: towards the components of commonness,” contains life-sketch of T. S. Eliot, academic career of T. S. Eliot, profession and marital life of T. S. Eliot, development of T. S. Eliot’ s poetic thoughts, features of his poetry. The third chapter entitled “Life and works of Shamsur Rahman: towards the components of commonness,” likewise the second chapter describes on Shamsur Rahman. It is divided into some seven sub-chapters including introduction and conclusion. Here Eliot’ s brief life -sketch, his academic life, profession and marital life, development of his poetic thoughts and features of poetry etc, have been described. Chapter four entitled “Poetic Commonness between T. S. Eliot and Shamsur Rahman,” is the main part of the research work. Here the areas of commonness between the two poets have been shown with references throughout several sub - chapters. The present researcher has pointed out various areas of affinities with special importance on the modernist trend in poetry and the position of T. S. Eliot and Shamsur Rahman in their respective language and literature; their appeal and recognition as urban poets among the readers; their way of presenting a world of rootless souls; presenting a psychological dilemma of modem man with his split personality. It also the researcher has highlighted on a world of demythologized posterity, the theme dominating the major part of T. S. Eliot’ s poems and also a vitalized area in Shamsur Rahman’ s poems. Chapter five entitled, “Sharings, Shortcomings and Shaping a world of novelty: Eliot and Rahman,” is designed to expose the commonness in the poetic diction of the two poets; to find out affinities in these areas where Shamsur Rahman has direct or indirect bearing from Eliot. Chapter six is the concluding chapter of the research work where the researcher has summarized the entire theme of the research. Again, the potentiality of the poets for their thinking alike nature like all the great men of the world has been taken into consideration as a greater commonness between the two poets. Finally, an index has been designed and added to this work where the present has presented an annotated bibliography. Shamsur Rahman’ s poetical works included in the three volumes entitled Kabita Samagra -1; Kabita Samagra -2; Kabita Samagra-3 have been presented through transliteration and translation. If there is any Romanisation given in case of book or publishing house’ s name that has been followed accordingly. This Thesis is Submitted to the Institute of Bangladesh Studies (IBS) , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 2009-06-28T00:00:00Z http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/1122 Compensation Management Practices in BSCIC Industrial Estates: A Study of Rajshahi Division Mridha, Md. Mokarremul Hoque Helal Abstract Compensation management practice is one of the most important activities of human resource management. An organization can go to the peak position by dint of a proper compensation management policy which can ensure the utmost employee satisfaction and loyalty to the organization. A proper compensation management practice is consisted with the issues regarding basic wages and salaries, fringe benefits, employee retention, employee turnover and gender equality. BSCIC is one of the most important institutions which is working with the development of small, cottage and medium scale enterprises of Bangladesh. BSCIC industrial estates are accelerating the industrialization of Bangladesh with facilitating land, loan, consultation and other infrastructural development. But the compensation for the employees working there in are always being ignored. No study has been performed yet to find out the scenario of compensation for the employees. Therefore, this study is aimed at revealing the present scenario of wages and salaries, existing fringe benefits, position of female workers and their wages and salaries, wage and salary discrimination, employee turnover, employee retention policy and so on prevailing in industrial units in industrial estates of BSCIC. The study is basically performed on quantitative data along with significant amount of qualitative data. So, the mixed approach has been used in the study. The study area covered the industrial units in industrial estates of Rajshahi, Bogura and Naogaon. Both primary and secondary data have been used. Managers/owners/entrepreneurs and workers/employees of the selected industrial units of BSCIC industrial estates, KII and FGD have been considered as the sources of the primary data. The sources of secondary data are the publications of BSCIC's MIS division, articles, reports, daily newspapers, journals, books, govt. gazettes, related policies, rules and regulations, published and unpublished dissertations and various websites. This Thesis is Submitted to the Institute of Bangladesh Studies (IBS) , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Master of Philosophy (MPhil) 2019-01-01T00:00:00Z