PhD Thesis

Fish and Fishery of Aspidoparia (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) of the River Padma

1997-11-01T00:00:00Z

Fish and Fishery of Aspidoparia (Cypriniformes: Cyprinidae) of the River Padma Sultana, Nasrin Bangladesh has vast fishery resources. The inland water areas of the country comprises 1.03 million hectares of rivers, canals and estuaries; 1,14,161 hectares of natural depressions such as the beals' and 'haors'; 1,61,943 hectares of ponds and tanks, 5,488 hectares of ox-bows; 68,800 hectares of Karnafuli reservior; 2.8 million hectares of flood plains and 87,300 hectares of brackish water aquaforms (Rahman, 1989). A total of 260 species of indigenous species of fin fishes are found in the freshwater habitats of Bangladesh and majority of these fishes are small sized (Rahman, 1989). The small indigenous fishes (SIS) form an important human food item, rich source of complete proteins containing all the essential aminoacids in right proportion. Fish protein is said to be more healthier and cholesterol free and also contains fatty acid which help in cholesterol absorption in the body tissues. The people are advised to take much smaller fish than meat. According to FAO report, (1991), fish contain 72% water, 19% protein, 89% fat, 0.15% calcium 0.25% phosphorus and 0.10% vitamin A,B,C and D. National Household Expenditure Survey (NHES) shows that anmel fish consumption in Bangladesh peaked in 1985 at 13.2 kg/person, had declined to 12.6 kg/person by 1992. This is in the same agreement with the information developed by North West Area Development Study (NWADS), which shows that overall fish supply has stagnated, resulting in price increase in real terms of over 2.8% per annum in the Northwest Region (Interim Report Vol-5 ADB February, 1997). The SIS fishes thus, make a very significant contribution to the daily intake of fish. Moreover, Siddiqui (1985) reported that in Bangladesh about 80 percent of the population is poor and they mainly depend on small size fish for their daily supply of animal protein at a reasonable price. Another advantages of small size fish is that they could easily breed and grow in water bodies, where culture of other major fishes are impossible. However, the ever expanding programme of flood control, drainage and irrigation is interfering with the whole ecological system in fishery resources, thereby causing both loss and degradation of their habitats. Which will inevitably lead to diminution and even disappearance of 95 percent of inland fish production. The present species 4. morer is mostly available in the river systems of Bangladesh. The biology of this species had been reported by Sultana (1991), Bhuiyan et al. (1992) compared the past and present data on the landing of the species together with the market price found that the natural production of the species is decreasing due to construction of the Farakka Barrage and oder FCD projects which caused detremental effect on the national aquatic system. Moreover, over exploitation of fish population and indiscriminate use of agrochemicals also adversely affected the fisheries resources. A. morar is an important species due to its high nutritional value in terms of protein content. Inspite of its usefulness as a source of protein, no detailed studies on the chemical and biochemical investigation has so far been reported. This is a small sized fish with a maximum size of 145 man, feiches the hightest market price due to its taste and flavour. This fish generally live in shallow water of the sandy bottom and medium current areas of the rivers. We hope the present finding may help to increase its population in the river Padma near Rajshahi This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Ecology, Biology and Fishery of Clupisoma Atherinoides (Bloch) (Cypriniformes:Schilbeidae)Ecology, Biology and Fishery of Clupisoma Atherinoides (Bloch) (Cypriniformes:Schilbeidae)

1999-01-01T00:00:00Z

Ecology, Biology and Fishery of Clupisoma Atherinoides (Bloch) (Cypriniformes:Schilbeidae)Ecology, Biology and Fishery of Clupisoma Atherinoides (Bloch) (Cypriniformes:Schilbeidae) Begum, Mahbuba The juvenile and adult of C. atherinoides is mainly a carnivorous fish. Its food consists mainly of crustaceans, insects, rotifers, protozoans, algae, debris and detritus. The juvenile and adult C. atherinoides are surface feeders. Monthly variations in the percentage composition of the food items in the different stages of the fish were recorded. The fish changed its food and feeding habit seasonally. The feeding intensity was very poor in mature fishes during the spawning period. The immature fishes fed actively throughout the year. The ratio of the total length and alimentary canal length of the juvenile and adult stages of the fish is I :0.56 and 1: O. 61 and it has a shortened alimentary tract. The relationships between the total length and alimentary canal length of the juvenile and adult showed strong linear relationship. The ovaries of C. atherinoides were classified into ten stages. Immature stage, maturing-I ( early developing), maturing-II (late developing), mature, ripe, pre-spawning, spawning, post spawning, spent and resting stage.---- This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Zoology , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Pesticidal properties of Anacardium occide1ttale L. against Tribolium casta1teum (Hbst.)

2003-01-01T00:00:00Z

Pesticidal properties of Anacardium occide1ttale L. against Tribolium casta1teum (Hbst.) Parveen, Shamima Akhter Insecticidal properties of Anacardium occidentale L. were investigated. All CHCh and MeOH extracts of leaves, nut-shells, root-bark and stem-bark extracts were tested against Valsa ceratosperma (Tode Ex Fries) and Tribolium ca.\:taneum (Hbst. ). At a dose of I 00 μg/spot on the chromatogram and the CH Ch extract of nutshell, CHCh and MeOH extracts of root-bark and CHCh extract of the stem-bark showed highest activity against the test fungus, whereas CHC'3 extract of leaf and MeOH extract of leaf and nut-shell showed no activity. Both the CHC'3 and MeOH extracts of nut-shells have been found strongly effective against the test insect T. castaneum while tested by topical application metho~. However, the MeOH extract of the root-bark was stronger compared to its chloroform extract. After the nut-shell and the root-bark extract stern-bark extracts were found active but the methanolic extract was less effective in this regard. In case of leaf, MeOH extract was stronger than the CHCL3 extract showing a similarity like the root-bark extract. All the extracts (for both CH Ch and MeOH) of different parts of A. occidentale, viz. leaf, nut-shell, root-bark and stem-bark were subjected to surface film test against 'l'. castaneum adults and no trace of activity for the within the given dose ranges was found.-- This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

Integration of Irradiation with Cytoplasmic Incompatibility in the Management of the Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus spp. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae)

2007-01-01T00:00:00Z

Integration of Irradiation with Cytoplasmic Incompatibility in the Management of the Pulse Beetle Callosobruchus spp. (Coleoptera: Bruchidae) Sharmeen, Eliza In the thesis, the impact of radiation on successive generations and cytoplasmic incompatibility of Callosobruchus spp. is studied. C. chinensis and C. maculatus are considered as the study insects. Experiments of oviposition preference and mating competitiveness are also conducted. Study showed that C. chinensis collected either from lentil or Bengal gram preferred lentil << Bengal gram < green gram for oviposition. Regarding the adult emergence, their preferred seeds are green gram > > Bengal gram> Lentil. C. maculatus preferred seed according as they collected from. The highest emergences rate is found in green gram. C. maculatus preferred pea for oviposition but the emergence rate is nearer to zero in it. Irradiation is able to increase the development time of egg to adult in successive generations of C. maculatus. The dose 12Gy the maturity time in F5 generation has gone · more than 100 days. In breeding of the progeny of the irradiated parent do not affect the percentage of adult emergence. For C. chinensis the degree CVs decreases as the treated males increased. Further increase of the number of males the CVs would be the same. For C. maculatus the ratio 1: 1: 1 showed the highest competitiveness values for both radiation doses 6Gy and 8Gy. The dose with 8Gy showed the highest competitiveness value. For 6Gy dose the competitiveness values were the maximum for the ratio 1:1:3 and 1:1:4 and the minimum number of values is attained at the ratio 1:1:2. Both in C. chinensis and C. maculatus the regional and reciprocal crosses have This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Zoology, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)