http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/226 2026-04-07T21:45:08Z 2026-04-07T21:45:08Z Shovon, Khan Md. Arman http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/1174 2025-11-27T05:58:07Z 2024-03-01T00:00:00Z

Legal framework on protecting coral reefs of bay of bengal with special references to global practices Shovon, Khan Md. Arman Coral reefs are most diverse and valuable ecosystems on the planet, supporting a wide range of marine biodiversity and providing important benefits to coastal communities. Human activities such as pollution, overfishing, and climate change pose a significant threat to these delicate ecosystems. As a result, many countries around the world have developed legal frameworks to protect their coral reefs and ensure their long-term sustainability. In Bangladesh, corals grow exclusively in Saint Martin Island, located in the north-east region of the Bay of Bengal. These reefs provide essential habitats for a variety of marine species, support local fishing communities, and offer valuable tourism opportunities. However, they are also under threat from a range of human activities, including pollution from land-based sources, overfishing, and the effects of climate change. Coral reefs are known as the "rainforests of the sea" due to their high levels of biodiversity. Coral reefs act as a natural barrier that protects coastlines from the impact of storms, waves, and erosion. They absorb and dissipate the energy of incoming waves, reducing their destructive force on the shorelines. Coral reefs are major attractions for tourists, drawing visitors from around the world to places like Saint Martin Island. Coral reefs play a role in mitigating climate change by acting as carbon sinks. Coral polyps absorb and store carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, helping to reduce the concentration of greenhouse gases. The purpose of this research examines the legal framework in place to protect coral reefs in Bangladesh, with a particular focus on global practices. The research begins by analyzing the current legal protections for coral reefs in Bangladesh and assessing their effectiveness in preserving these ecosystems. This involves an examination of any laws, regulations, or policies that exist at the national or local level, as well as assessing the enforcement mechanisms in place to ensure compliance. In addition to this, the research conducts a comparative analysis of legal frameworks for coral reef protection in other countries or regions. This helps identify potential best practices that could be adapted to the context of Bangladesh and provides insights into the effectiveness of different legal approaches to coral reef protection. The research also considers the role of international agreements or organizations in coral reef protection, such as the Convention on Biological Diversity or the International Coral Reef Initiative. This helps identify opportunities for Bangladesh to collaborate with other countries and organizations in the region and around the world to strengthen its legal framework for coral reef protection. Finally, this research considers the perspectives of various stakeholders in coral reef protection, including government agencies, environmental NGOs, local communities, and businesses that rely on coral reefs. This helps identify potential conflicts or challenges in implementing a legal framework for coral reef protection and provides insights into ways to address these challenges. This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

2024-03-01T00:00:00Z Sultana, Mst. Rebeka http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/1051 2023-08-08T07:07:07Z 2020-01-01T00:00:00Z

Morphological Changes in Teesta River Basin: Impact and Adaptation Strategies in the Northern Bangladesh Sultana, Mst. Rebeka Bangladesh is located at the foothills of the mighty Himalayas and the landscape of the country is formed with the morphological changes of the Ganges- Brahmaputra-Meghna river system. The Teesta is one of the main tributary of the Brahmaputra river which originates from the glaciers of Sikkim, India. The Teesta river flows through the northeastern region of Northern Bangladesh which is considered as the soul of the entire region of Rangpur division. Physiographically, the region is recognized as Teesta Floodplain and designated as an important earthquake zone. Morphological Changes are recurrent incident in the study area. Aggradation and degradation processes of the Teesta river shaped different morphological features in the river basin. Flood, erosion, sediment deposition, channel migration are the main events causing river morphology change. All these fluvial-morphological hazards are responsible for distresses of thousands of people of the Teesta riverine community. The study area lies beneath the plains of the Himalayas and it is the inherent cause for flood and river bank erosion in the Teesta river basin. The unstable river bank and its changing morphology turned the region least developed economy and the area is known as “Monga prone area” (“Monga” refers to seasonal unavailable employment opportunity and reduction of purchasing capacity of essential goods which leads people to become starved) as well as the community is termed as “Mofij”(The poor people of Teesta river basin). Catastrophic flood, ruinous river bank erosion, recurrent channel shifting situation becomes part and parcel of everyday life of the community adjacent to the Teesta river bank. The Teesta riverine people are helpless, homeless and landless particularly the poor‟s are the most affected and vulnerable groups who are loosening their lives, property and livelihoods. Morphological change interrupts their normal life and they turn into poor, poorer and poorest.--- This Thesis is Submitted to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies , University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

2020-01-01T00:00:00Z Muhibbullah, Muhammad http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/764 2022-08-16T08:21:15Z 2012-01-01T00:00:00Z

Causes and Consequence of Hill Cutting: A Case Study on Chittagong City, Bangladesh Muhibbullah, Muhammad The Chittagong city of Bangladesh is enriched with the natural beauty as well as with combination of natural resources like hills, forests, rivers and the sea. Especially the hilly landscapes of the city area made it one of the most beautiful cities of the world. For these reasons once the city was known as the "queen of the East". Being the Centre of all kinds of international trade and commerce, the city is also considered as the gateway of the East. Population increase is one of the many continuous events that pushed the authority to expand the city area to incorporate the added population. More over huge industrial development and extension of commercial activities are going to pressurize the city to expand the anthropogenic activities. All these kinds of urban phenomenon are directly affecting the city's unique hilly landscape. In the present study, an attempt has been made to find out the consequential scenarios of hill cutting which ultimately contribute to further understanding of land use change. Besides, the study aimed to identify various causes and related factors of hill cutting, its Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) on local environment and urban socioeconomic life of the city habitant. Moreover, the study is focused on the vulnerability of hillock settlers from landslides and finally to check out the causal relationship between hill cutting and its various causes, factors of hill cutting and landslides in the Chittagong City Corporation area. The present study was carried out based on the combination of primary and secondary data. The available secondary sources like books, journals, reports and publications have been discussed intensively to conceive the ideas related to the study. On the other hand, primary data has also been collected and used according to the requirements of the objectives of the research. In the present research, during the period of September 2009 to February 2012, primary data were collected from various ways i.e., direct field observation, survey, three focus group discussions (FGD), 400 questionnaire surveys, seven experts’ opinion survey and three case study analysis. Various maps for the present study were collected from the different local authorities i.e., Chittagong Development Authority (CDA), Chittagong City Corporation (CCC) and CW ASA for diverse purposes and all the collected base maps were digitized and modified using Arc View 3.3 and Arc GIS 9.1 software. The collected primary and secondary data were imputed, coded and analyzed by MS Word, MS Excel and Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) which are presented in the text by tables, charts, graphs, diagrams, figures and photographs etc. to statistical analysis, Person's product moments correlation and Chi-squire (x:) have been used to test the hypothesis concerning the relationship between the independent and dependent variables. Most of the hilly areas are found in the Pahartali, Khushi, Kotowali, Panchlaish and Baizid Bos Tami Thana in the Chittagong City. It is observed from the study that the city has lost a significant number of hills during last four decades. About 86 hills are found which are categorized as, Category-I, Category II and Category III. The first category Hills are retained intact or less vulnerable while the second Category hills are partially vulnerable and the third Category hills are highly vulnerable............ This thesis is Submitted to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

2012-01-01T00:00:00Z Rahman, Md. Mujibor http://rulrepository.ru.ac.bd/handle/123456789/557 2022-06-08T03:53:51Z 2006-01-01T00:00:00Z

Analysis, Design and Development of a GIS Based Municipal Information System for Rajshahi City Corporation, Bangladesh Rahman, Md. Mujibor Functional parameters of city administrators/managers and decision makers include a wide variety of data and information components. The rapid increase in cities' population and socio­economic functions has widened the horizon of the functional parameters and data platform significantly, particularly in the recent time. It is observable that in the early days, the decision makers' style of function was so simple that it required very few types of data. The data of those days were collected, maintained and organized in a very simple and straight forward way. But, now the situation is significantly changed. Impact of the decision whether it is correct or wrong goes to the distant sector of cities setup. In the present situation, it is observed that, while taking a decision, the required data and information is not often readily available. It is not necessarily true that the data is unavailable, rather the data is found to be inaccessible due to its disorganized maintenance. Also, the currently prevailing manual system does not permit error free quick retrieval of the data and quick effective decision-making. The system is also vulnerable to misuse and misappropriation. Now, the need of an efficient data base management system for the use of city administrator as well as for different users is very urgent. The present study aims to develop an efficient database management system that could be optimally utilized and used for proper City management and decision-making. City administration includes involvement of the government, semi-government authorities and the city corporation authority itself. The data of both attribute and spatial type broadly include maps (mainly the cadastral), data related to various facilities and decision support. In fact, decision support data type is very closely related to the decision-maker for proper planning and implementation of decisions on the facilities. It is not realistic to develop a wider approach system in such a limited time by the researcher. So, the research project aims to cover a representative and selective database which is basically purposed to serve the need of a particular section of the city administration i.e., the Rajshahi City Corporation Authority. The Rajshahi City has been chosen since it is a single corporate body where quite a wide range of diversified functions are performed. However, the proposed system may be considered as a model approach. The model can be expanded, tested to cover the entire city administration by including necessary modifications and rectifications. The development of computer and information technology and its successful application in every sector today, are well known and most impressive. In developing countries, urban planning and urban management involve large volumes of geographic data. At present, such information is mainly collected and stored in traditional handwriting documents, making subsequent retrieval very difficult. This system takes any inquiry into urban information base weeks, months or even years rather than minutes or hours, making the day-to-day planning task difficult. Existing system or information based is not able to scope with rapidly growing various municipal functions. A computer can facilitate the creation of a municipal information system that will allow easy storage, updating, retrieval and mapping of a wide range of information related to planning and management of municipal functions. The Geographic Information System (GIS) technology in planning can give planning a broader empirical function and more design flexibility; proper use of automation tools like GIS might improve plan quality considerably. This study proposed the GIS based information system to be integrated in the municipality and made a conceptual model of the municipal database for Rajshahi City Corporation to run its functions effectively and efficiently. The various categories of land related data and how they interact to form a municipal database and described. The conceptual model is justified by applying it to the taxation system of Rajshahi City Corporation and total procedure to develop such a system like this. The successful development of prototype taxation system has proved the applicability of GIS in the municipality. GIS in developing countries like Bangladesh require some special attentions as it is impeded by the lack of appropriate data, technical support, political willingness and above all poverty. This thesis is Submitted to the Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh for The Degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)

2006-01-01T00:00:00Z