Pattern of Migration in Joypurhat District of Bangladesh: A Case Study

Abstract

This study is based on primary data. The primary data were collected from Joypurhat district by PPS sampling method. The main purpose of this study is to identify the effects of demographic and socio-economic variables on rural migration, trends and volume of migration and constructed some probability models on such data in J oypurhat district, Bangladesh. Both unvaried and multivariate techniques have been used to study the differentials and determinants of migration. The study reveals that the migration rate was found significantly higher for the people age groups 15-29 (about 28 per cent). The age distribution of migrants clearly shows that majority of them were very young at the time of their first migration. Education of migrants show that the 58 per cent of migrants were passed both SSC to graduate and above. The pre-migration occupation are 41 per cent of migrants were involved with studies, but after migration it was found 48 per cent of migrants were employed in job/service. In study area we found that about 44 per cent of migrants were migrated in Dhaka city. We also observed that more than 51 per cent of migrants were migrated with influencing of their family members (puss factor) and it is remarkable that about 74 per cent of migrants were migrated due to job/service at a particular place of destination(pull factor). The findings indicate that the variables 'education', 'occupation', and 'family size' included in the analysis have had significant effect on rural out-migration. The risk of out-migration was remarkably higher for the households whose member(s) attained at least primary education and the risk of out-migration was significantly higher for the household with occupation as non-agricultural labour. The multivariate logistic regression analysis has been used to identify the determinants of out-migration at household level. The risk of migration was 1.85, 5.00, 10.83 and 10.69 times higher for the households with educational level- primary, secondary, SSC/HSC (secondary school certificate/higher secondary certificate) and graduate respectively as compared to households with no education. The volume of migration showed that a positive relationship with diversity of social status(.307), education(.373) and occupation(.539). Only the education and occupation diversity have been found to be significantly related with volume of outmigration. The migration model proposed by Sivamurthy and Kadi (1984) were found suitable to describe the volume of out-migration for Bangladesh. Finally, we found that the probability distribution under such assumptions fitted well. The distribution of male migrants aged 15 years and above and the probability model have been worked out to describe the distribution of households according to total number of migrants under different assumptions.